Lithium ion cells
Lithium-Ion cells have a high energy density compared to other systems, as well as high cycle life.
- LITHIUM COBALT OXIDE (LCO):-
- High specific energy
- The cathode has a layered structure and during discharge, li-ions move from cathode to anode and flow reverses on charge
- Relatively short life span
- Low thermal stability
- Limited load capabilities (specific power)
- Should not be charged at discharged at a current higher than its C-rating
- APPLICATION :- mobile, tablets, laptops, cameras
- LITHIUM MAGANESE OXIDE (LMO):-
- Lower internal resistance and improved current handling
- high thermal stability and enhanced safety
- cycle and calendar life are limited
- Blended with NMC to improve specific energy and prolong the life span
- safer than LCO
- APPLICATION:- power tools, medical devices, electric powertrains
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM):-
- Most succesful li-ion system
- Nickel based system have higher energy density, lower cost and longer sycle life than the cobalt based cells but have slightly lower voltage
- NMC has overall good performance and excels on specific energy
- APPLICATION :- E-bikes, medical devices, EV’s, industrial
- LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE (LFP):-
- Good electrochemical performance with low resistance.
- High current ratings
- long cycle life
- good thermal stability
- enhanced safety and tolerance, if abused
- higher self discharge then other lithium batteries, which can cause balancing issues with aging
- APPLICATION :- Trabsportation, solar garden and security light system
- LITHIUM NICKLE COBALT ALUMINIUM OXIDE (NCA):-
- High specific energy
- reasonably good specific power
- c, long life span
- d, more cost effective than LCO and LFP
- e, considerd safe
- f, APPLICATION :- Medical devies, industrial, electric powertrain(tesla)
- LITHIUM TITANATE OXIDE (LTO):-
- Can be fast charged and delivers a high discharge current of 10C or 10 times the rated capacity
- cycle count is higher than regular Li-ion
- safest
- thermal stability under high temperature is also better than other Li-ion systems
- expensive
- APPLICATION :- UPS, electric powertrain (mitsubishi, honda), solar powered street lights
Comparison of Different Lithium ion cell chemistry
